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PATENTED JUNE 2, 1868A J. E. A. GIBBS, .DOOR LOCK..

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nitrhytates @anni @fthe Letters Patent No. 78,442, dated June 2, 1,868.

. IMPROVEMENT IN DOOR-LOGKS.

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To ALLwHoM 1T MAY coNcnRN;

Be it known that I, JAMES E. A. GIBBS, of Stceles Tavern, in the county of Augusta, and State of Virginia, have invented a new and improved TransvorselLock; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, which will enable those skilled in the art to make and use the same, referenc being had to the accompanying drawings, for-ming part of this specification, in whichi Figure lis a longitudinal section of my improved lock, taken through the line :z: x, iig. 2.

Figure 2 is a plain view of the same, the inner platebeing removed.

Figure 3 is an enlarged detail view ot' the middle part of the same, the inner plate and toothed bars or racks being removed. 4

Figure 4; is a detail side view of the guard-springs.

Figure 5 is a detail sideivicw of the guards.

Figure isa detail view of the keyh`oie"plate.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts. t

My invention has for its object tofurnish an improved loclr, provided with two bars or bolts extending out uponench side, so as to reach entirely across the door or shutter to be secured, and crosslbar it, and which shall at the same time he'easily operated by the proper key, but impossible to be picked or operated by any other key; and it consista in the construction and combination of the various parte, as hereinafter more fully described.

lA represents a door, to which my improved lock has been attached, and B represents the side posts'o'r casmgs. v

C is the outer plate, and D is the inner plate ot the lock, between which, at their middle parts, is pivotcd a cylinder, E, having a gear-wheel, F, formed upon or attached toits inner end. I

G are two toothed racks or bars; the teeth of which mesh into the teeth ofthe gear-wheel F.

The racks G pass along tho edge-plates of' the lock, and have a double-elbow formed upon. each of them, so that they may pass out at the centres of the ends of the lock, as shown in tig. 2.

H are the outer parts of the bars, or bolts of the lock, the inner ends of which arc halved so as to itupou the projecting ends of the inner parts or racks G, where theyare secured in lplace by pins, attached to theA racks G, and passing through holes'in the halved parts of the bars H, as shown .in tigs. land 2.

The inn-er sides ofthe inner ends ofthe bars H are slightly bevelled off, as shown in iig. 1, so that thesaid bars may be detached from the racks G when desired. A i' The bars II are made of such a length that they will reach entirely 'across the door or shutter, and enter keepers, I, attached to the side-posts'or casings of said door` or shutter. l

J are guide-keepers, attached to the door near its side edges, through which the said bars H pass, to support andkcep them in proper position. The pivotedcylinder E vis slotted .to receive thc key K, snid slot extending out through the face of said cylinder, as shown in iigs. 1, 2, and 3. v

The face ofthe cylinder E, at its inner end, is grooved with one, two,l or more grooves, as shown in fig. 5,- and the face or ward of the key K is so formed that when in place, in the slot of thc cylinder, it may correspond with thc said cylinder, entirely filling' up the said slot.

c is a solid part or core, ,left in the centre of the cylinder E, at the inner end `ot` the slot in said cylinder,

which enters a slot in the stem of the key K, as shown in iig. 1, to more securely keep it in place when operating the lock.

L is a tumbler, placed in a recess formed for its reception, as shown in figs. 2 and 3, and which is held forward by a coiled spring, M. i

AUpon the forward end ot' the tumbler L is formed-u tenen, the corners of which are rounded oif, and which is made of such a size as to enter the slot in the cylinder E, and prevent the said cylinder` from being revolved until the said tumbler is pushed back by the entrance of the key K.

N are guards or wards, placed .the oney above the other in a recess formed for their reception, and which are held `forward with their ends resting against the face ofthe cylinder E by the springs O, oneend of each of which is placed in a. recess formed for its reception, and the other or free Aends of which rest against shoulders formed upon the rear ends of the guards or wards N.

The forward ends of.the guards N are made inclined, or are bevelled oll, as shown in fig. 2, and the said `guards are made of diiferent lengths, tocorrespond with the grooved face of the,cylinder E, as shown in iig. 5. 'f

A When the key K is placed in the cylinder. E, and the said cylinder is revolved, the forward ends of the guards N slide along the face of the said cylinder, and do not interfere with its movement, but should it be attempted to unlock the lock with a skeleton-key, or with a key the face of whichdid not Kexactly correspond with the face ofthe cylinder, the forward ends of the guards N drop into the slet in the cylinder E, and prevent its farther movement in that direction.

The inclined sides of the forward ends of the guards N allow the cylinder E to beturned in the direc'tionA to throw the bolts or bars farther out without difficulty.

It will be observed that theguards N differ from ordinary tumblers in these respects, that they are never operated by the key, and never act except when it is attempted to unlock the lock with a false key, or with any Ley other than the one made' expressly for that particular lock. I

By very slightly varying the breadth or depth of the',grooves i-n the face of the cylinder E, and varying the guards N to correspond, so great a change will be elfected that another key will be required to operate thelock.

rl his enables an almost innumerable number of locks to be constructed, each differing fio'm the other very slightly, and yet-no gne of the whole number can be operated by any other than its own particular key.

I-claim ascnew, and desire'to 'seciirev by Letters Patent- 1. The combination of the series of guards or wards N with the slotted cylinder E, substantially as herein shown and described, and for the purpose set forth. 1

2. Forming the key K in such a manner that it may fill up the slot inthe cylinder E, and se that its facey may correspond with the face of said cylinder, substantially as herein shown and described, and for the purpose set forth. t

3,. The combination of the tumbler L with the slotted cylinder E and with the guards or wards N, substantially as 'herein shown and described, and for the purpose set forth.

. 'The above specification of my invention signed by me, this 21st day of January, 1868. l

' JAS.. E. A. crans.

Witnesses:`

WM. F. MeNAMAnA, JAMES T. GRAHAM. 

